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plant:populus [2023/10/02 15:50] – [Poplar (//Populus// spp.)] rkoebnikplant:populus [2025/11/29 15:20] (current) jfpothier
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-====== Poplar (//Populus// spp.) ======+====== Plant Resistance Genes in Poplar (//Populus// spp.) against //Xanthomonas// Infection ======
  
-Author: Noemi Casarin\\+Author: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Noemi_Casarin2|Noemi Casarin]]\\
 Internal reviewer: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Pavel_Beran2|Pavel Beran]]\\ Internal reviewer: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Pavel_Beran2|Pavel Beran]]\\
-Expert reviewer: **WANTED!** 
  
 ===== Pathogen: //Xanthomonas populi// pv. //populi// ===== ===== Pathogen: //Xanthomonas populi// pv. //populi// =====
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 === Source === === Source ===
  
-Transgenic hybrid poplar //Populus tremula// L. //Populus alba// L., line Tr23 (Mentag //et al.//, 2003).+Transgenic hybrid poplar //Populus tremula// L. × //Populus alba// L., line Tr23 (Mentag //et al.//, 2003).
 === Status (identified, mapped, cloned, sequenced) === === Status (identified, mapped, cloned, sequenced) ===
  
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   * PCR analysis of genomic DNA with specific primers to verify that the ubi7-D4E1-nos expression cassette is present in the plant genome of transgenic poplar clones (Mentag //et al.//, 2003);   * PCR analysis of genomic DNA with specific primers to verify that the ubi7-D4E1-nos expression cassette is present in the plant genome of transgenic poplar clones (Mentag //et al.//, 2003);
-  * Expression of //D4E1//  tested by RT-PCR and RNA dot-blot analysis (Mentag //et al.//, 2003).+  * Expression of //D4E1// tested by RT-PCR and RNA dot-blot analysis (Mentag //et al.//, 2003).
  
 === Brief description === === Brief description ===
  
-A synthetic gene coding for D4E1 (Cary //et al.//, 2000), which is a synthetic antimicrobial peptide consisting of 17 amino acid residues (Demeter BioTechnologies, Ltd.) (De Lucca //et al.//, 1998). Mentag //et al.//  (2003) observed reduced symptoms on one D4E1-transgenic poplar line (Tr23) in response to //X. populi//  pv. //populi//  two months after its inoculation compared with control plants (Figure 1). These reduced symptoms correlated with the presence of large amount of the D4E1 transcript in Tr23 (Mentag //et al.//, 2003).+A synthetic gene coding for D4E1 (Cary //et al.//, 2000), which is a synthetic antimicrobial peptide consisting of 17 amino acid residues (Demeter BioTechnologies, Ltd.) (De Lucca //et al.//, 1998). Mentag //et al.// (2003) observed reduced symptoms on one D4E1-transgenic poplar line (Tr23) in response to //X. populi// pv. //populi// two months after its inoculation compared with control plants (Figure 1). These reduced symptoms correlated with the presence of large amount of the D4E1 transcript in Tr23 (Mentag //et al.//, 2003).
  
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 ==== Pathogen elicitors ==== ==== Pathogen elicitors ====
  
-  * Crude elicitors from //X. campestris//  pv//campestris//  strain 147 +  * Crude elicitors from //X. campestris// pv//campestris// strain 147 
-  * Crude elicitors from //X. populi//  pv. //populi//  strain 2551+  * Crude elicitors from //X. populi// pv. //populi// strain 2551
  
 ---- ----
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 ==== Genes involved in defense ==== ==== Genes involved in defense ====
  
-//MAPK//  genes (Hamel //et al.//, 2005; Duplessis //et al.//, 2009).+//MAPK// genes (Hamel //et al.//, 2005; Duplessis //et al.//, 2009).
  
 === Synonyms === === Synonyms ===
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 === Source === === Source ===
  
-Hybrid poplar cell suspension cultures of //Populus trichocarpa//  //Populus deltoides//  H11-11 (Dr. M. Gordon, University of Washington, Seattle, WA) (Hamel //et al.//, 2005).+Hybrid poplar cell suspension cultures of //Populus trichocarpa// × //Populus deltoides// H11-11 (Dr. M. Gordon, University of Washington, Seattle, WA) (Hamel //et al.//, 2005).
  
 === Status (identified, mapped, cloned, sequenced) === === Status (identified, mapped, cloned, sequenced) ===
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 === Molecular markers === === Molecular markers ===
  
-Expression of //MAPK//  genes tested by in-gel kinase assay (Hamel //et al.//, 2005).+Expression of //MAPK// genes tested by in-gel kinase assay (Hamel //et al//., 2005).
  
 === Brief description === === Brief description ===
  
-Perception of a mix of various elicitors from both bacterial strains (which can be quite specific but for which the specific poplar R-genes for //Xanthomonas//  spp. are unknown) activated two MAPKs of about 44 and 47 kD, probably of ERK-type. The MAPKs are then activating plant defense mechanisms (Hamel //et al.//, 2005).+Perception of a mix of various elicitors from both bacterial strains (which can be quite specific but for which the specific poplar R-genes for //Xanthomonas// spp. are unknown) activated two MAPKs of about 44 and 47 kD, probably of ERK-type. The MAPKs are then activating plant defense mechanisms (Hamel //et al.//, 2005).
  
 ---- ----
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   * //P. nigra//: good resistance (Pinon & Valadon, 1995).   * //P. nigra//: good resistance (Pinon & Valadon, 1995).
-  * Hybrid //P.//  //euramericana//  (parental species: //P. deltoides//  and //P. nigra//): different susceptibility behaviors depending on the cultivars (Pinon & Valadon, 1995).+  * Hybrid //P.// × //euramericana// (parental species: //P. deltoides// and //P. nigra//): different susceptibility behaviors depending on the cultivars (Pinon & Valadon, 1995).
   * //P. trichocarpa//: good resistance (Pinon & Valadon, 1995).   * //P. trichocarpa//: good resistance (Pinon & Valadon, 1995).
-  * Hybrid //P. trichocarpa//  //P. deltoides//: good resistance (Pinon & Valadon, 1995).+  * Hybrid //P. trichocarpa// × //P. deltoides//: good resistance (Pinon & Valadon, 1995).
   * //P. alba//: generally good resistance (Pinon & Valadon, 1995).   * //P. alba//: generally good resistance (Pinon & Valadon, 1995).
 > See Table 1 for resistant cultivars found in literature. > See Table 1 for resistant cultivars found in literature.
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 === Brief description === === Brief description ===
  
-Resistant species or cultivars are determined by field observations or by controlled mechanical inoculations of the pathogen into the plants. A literature synthesis of the susceptibility of main European cultivars to //X. populi//  pv. //populi//  was made by Pinon & Valadon in 1995.+Resistant species or cultivars are determined by field observations or by controlled mechanical inoculations of the pathogen into the plants. A literature synthesis of the susceptibility of main European cultivars to //X. populi// pv. //populi// was made by Pinon & Valadon in 1995.
  
 **Table 1: Main European resistant cultivars to //X. populi//, according to the literature synthesis of Pinon & Valadon (1995).** **Table 1: Main European resistant cultivars to //X. populi//, according to the literature synthesis of Pinon & Valadon (1995).**
  
-^//P. nigra//   ^//P.// //euramericana//   ^//P////trichocarpa//   ^//P. trichocarpa// //P. deltoides//   +^//P. nigra// ^//P.// × //euramericana// ^//P. trichocarpa// ^//P. trichocarpa// × //P. deltoides// | 
- <font 9px/inherit;;inherit;;inherit>**cv. Ankum** (Anonymous, 1982a)</font><font 9px/inherit;;inherit;;inherit>**cv. Brandaris** (Anonymous, 1982a)</font>   \\ <font 9px/inherit;;inherit;;inherit>**cv. Loenen** (Anonymous1982b) \\ **cv. Schoorldam** (Anonymous, 1982a\\ **cv. Vereecken** (Anonymous, 1982b; Ride Ride, 1993)</font> \\  \\ <font 9px/inherit;;inherit;;inherit>**cv. Wolterson** (Anonymous, 1982a)</font>  <font 9px/inherit;;inherit;;inherit>**cv. Agathe F** (Anonymous, 1982a; Ride & Ride, 1993; Koster, 1972; Viart, 1972)</font> \\ <font 9px/inherit;;inherit;;inherit>**cv. Bietigheim **(Albrecht & Boden, 1988 \\ **cv. BL Costanzo** (Ride Ride, 1993) \\ **cv. Bleu d’Exaerde** (Kolster, 1967) \\ **cv. Boccalari** (Ride Ride, 1993) \\ **cv. Büchig** (Albrecht & Boden, 1988\\ **cv. Campeador** (Ride Ride, 1993) \\ **cv. Dolomiten** (Albrecht & Böden, 1988) \\ **cv. Gaver** (Ride & Ride, 1993) \\ **cv. Ghoy **(Ride Ride, 1993; Soulères, 1982a; Soulères, 1982b) \\ **cv. Gibecq** (Ride Ride, 1993\\ **cv. I214** (Anonymous, 1982b; Ride Ride, 1993; Albrecht & Boden, 1988; Kolster, 1967; Janssen, 1989) \\ **cv. I455** (Ride Ride, 1993) \\ **cv. Isières** (Ride Ride, 1993\\ **cv. Koster** (de Vries, 1987) \\ **cv. Lampertheim** (Albrecht & Böden, 1988) \\ **cv. Ogy** (Ride Ride, 1993) \\ **cv. Ostia** (Ride & Ride, 1993; Albrecht & Böden, 1988) \\ **cv. Primo** (Ride Ride, 1993) \\ **cv. Rintheim** (Albrecht & Böden, 1988) \\ **cv. Serotina de Selys** (Ride Ride, 1993\\ **cv. Spijk** (Anonymous, 1982a; Koster1972)</font>  <font 9px/inherit;;inherit;;inherit>**cv. Blom** (Anonymous, 1982a; Ride Ride, 1993; Koster, 1972) \\ **cv. Columbia River** (Ride Ride, 1993Albrecht & Böden, 1988; Soulères1982a; Soulères, 1982b; Janssen, 1989; Kechel & Böden, 1985) \\ **cv. Fritzi Pauley** (Anonymous, 1982a; Ride Ride, 1993Koster, 1972; Albrecht & Böden, 1988; Kolster, 1967; Janssen, 1989) \\ **cv. Scott Pauley** (Ride & Ride, 1993; Albrecht & Böden, 1988) \\ **cv. Trichobel** (Ride Ride, 1993; Soulères, 1982b)</font>  <font 9px/inherit;;inherit;;inherit>**cv. Beaupré** (Ride Ride, 1993; Soulères, 1982a; Soulères, 1982b) \\ **cv. Hunnegem** (Ride Ride, 1993\\ **cv. Raspalje** (Ride Ride, 1993) \\ **cv. Unal** (Ride & Ride1993; Soulères 1982a; Soulères1982b)</font> |+|**cv. Ankum**\\ Anonymous, 1982a|**cv. Agathe F**\\ Anonymous, 1982a\\ Ridé & Ridé1993\\ Koster, 1972\\ Viart, 1972| **cv. Blom**\\ Anonymous, 1982a\\ Ridé & Ridé, 1993\\ Koster, 1972| **cv. Beaupré**\\ Ridé Ridé, 1993\\ Soulères, 1982a\\ Soulères, 1982b| 
 +**cv. Brandaris**\\ Anonymous, 1982a|**cv. Bietigheim**\\ Albrecht & Boden, 1988 | **cv. Columbia River**\\ Ridé & Ridé, 1993\\ Albrecht & Böden, 1988\\ Soulères, 1982a\\ Soulères, 1982b\\ Janssen, 1989\\ Kechel & Böden, 1985| **cv. Hunnegem**\\ Ridé Ridé, 1993
 +|**cv. Loenen**\\ Anonymous, 1982b|**cv. BL Costanzo**\\ Ridé Ridé, 1993**cv. Fritzi Pauley**\\ Anonymous, 1982a\\ Ridé & Ridé, 1993\\ Koster, 1972\\ Albrecht & Böden, 1988\\ Kolster, 1967\\ Janssen, 1989| **cv. Raspalje**\\ Ridé Ridé, 1993
 +|**cv. Schoorldam**\\ Anonymous, 1982a|**cv. Bleu d’Exaerde**\\ Kolster, 1967| **cv. Scott Pauley**\\ Ridé Ridé, 1993\\ Albrecht & Böden, 1988| **cv. Unal**\\ Ridé Ridé, 1993\\ Soulères 1982a\\ Soulères, 1982b | 
 +|**cv. Vereecken**\\ Anonymous, 1982b\\ Ridé Ridé, 1993|**cv. Boccalari**\\ Ridé Ridé, 1993**cv. Trichobel**\\ Ridé Ridé, 1993\\ Soulères, 1982b| | 
 +|**cv. Wolterson**\\ Anonymous, 1982a|**cv. Büchig**\\ Albrecht & Boden, 1988| | | 
 +| |**cv. Campeador**\\ Ridé Ridé, 1993| | | 
 +| |**cv. Dolomiten**\\ Albrecht & Böden, 1988| | | 
 +| |**cv. Gaver**\\ Ridé Ridé, 1993| | | 
 +| |**cv. Ghoy**\\ Ridé Ridé, 1993\\ Soulères, 1982a\\ Soulères1982b| | | 
 +|**cv. Gibecq**\\ Ridé Ridé, 1993| | | 
 +| |**cv. I214**\\ Anonymous, 1982b\\ Ridé Ridé, 1993\\ Albrecht & Boden, 1988\\ Kolster1967\\ Janssen, 1989| | | 
 +| |**cv. I455**\\ Ridé & Ridé, 1993| | | 
 +| |**cv. Isières**\\ Ridé Ridé, 1993| | | 
 +| |**cv. Koster**\\ de Vries, 1987| | | 
 +| |**cv. Lampertheim**\\ Albrecht & Böden, 1988| | | 
 +| |**cv. Ogy**\\ Ridé Ridé, 1993| | | 
 +| |**cv. Ostia**\\ Ridé Ridé, 1993\\ Albrecht & Böden, 1988| | | 
 +| |**cv. Primo**\\ Ridé Ridé, 1993| | | 
 +| |**cv. Rintheim**\\ Albrecht & Böden, 1988| | | 
 +| |**cv. Serotina de Selys**\\ Ridé Ridé, 1993| | | 
 +| |**cv. Spijk**\\ Anonymous, 1982a\\ Koster1972| | 
  
 ---- ----
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 Duplessis S, Major I, Martin F, Séguin A (2009). Poplar and pathogen interactions: Insights from //Populus// genome-wide analyses of resistance and defense gene families and gene expression profiling. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 28: 309-334. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1080/07352680903241063|10.1080/07352680903241063]] Duplessis S, Major I, Martin F, Séguin A (2009). Poplar and pathogen interactions: Insights from //Populus// genome-wide analyses of resistance and defense gene families and gene expression profiling. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 28: 309-334. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1080/07352680903241063|10.1080/07352680903241063]]
  
-Hamel LP, Miles GP, Samuel MA, Ellis BE, Seguin A, Beaudoin N (2005). Activation of stress-responsive nitrogen-activated protein kinase pathways in hybrid poplar (//Populus trichocarpa// //Populus deltoides//). Tree Physiol. 25: 277-288. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/25.3.277|10.1093/treephys/25.3.277]]+Hamel LP, Miles GP, Samuel MA, Ellis BE, Seguin A, Beaudoin N (2005). Activation of stress-responsive nitrogen-activated protein kinase pathways in hybrid poplar (//Populus trichocarpa// × //Populus deltoides//). Tree Physiol. 25: 277-288. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/25.3.277|10.1093/treephys/25.3.277]]
  
-Janssen A (1989). First results of resistance tests on different poplar clones in vitro with the bacterial canker pathogen //Xanthomonas populi// Ridé. Proc Meeting IUFRO working party S2.02.10, Hann Münden, 2-6 October 1989.+Janssen A (1989). First results of resistance tests on different poplar clones //in vitro// with the bacterial canker pathogen //Xanthomonas populi// Ridé. Proc Meeting IUFRO working party S2.02.10, Hann Münden, 2-6 October 1989.
  
 Kechel HG, Böden (1985). Resistenzprüfung an Pappeln aus Gewebekultur. Eur. J. For. Path. 15: 45-51. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0329.1985.tb01041.x|10.1111/j.1439-0329.1985.tb01041.x]] Kechel HG, Böden (1985). Resistenzprüfung an Pappeln aus Gewebekultur. Eur. J. For. Path. 15: 45-51. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0329.1985.tb01041.x|10.1111/j.1439-0329.1985.tb01041.x]]
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 Pinon J, Valadon A (1995). Comportement des cultivars de peupliers commercialisables dans l’Union européenne vis-à-vis de quelques parasites majeurs. Ann. Sci. For. 54: 19-38. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:19970103|10.1051/forest:19970103]] Pinon J, Valadon A (1995). Comportement des cultivars de peupliers commercialisables dans l’Union européenne vis-à-vis de quelques parasites majeurs. Ann. Sci. For. 54: 19-38. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:19970103|10.1051/forest:19970103]]
  
-Ride M, Ride S (1993). Sensibilité de cultivars ou clones de peuplier à //Xanthomonas populi//, agent du chancre bactérien, 5 p.+Ridé M, Ridé S (1993). Sensibilité de cultivars ou clones de peuplier à //Xanthomonas populi//, agent du chancre bactérien, 5 p.
  
 Soulères G (1982a). Informations populicoles. Rev. For. Fr. 4: 327-328. Soulères G (1982a). Informations populicoles. Rev. For. Fr. 4: 327-328.
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 ===== Further reading ===== ===== Further reading =====
  
-Nesme X,Steenackers M, Steenackers V, Picard C, Ménard M, Ridé S, Ridé M (1994). Differential host-pathogen interactions among clones of poplar and strains of //Xanthomonas populi// pv. //populi//. Phytopathology 81: 101-107. PDF: [[https://www.apsnet.org/publications/phytopathology/backissues/Documents/1994Abstracts/Phyto_84_101.htm|www.apsnet.org/publications/phytopathology/backissues/Documents/1994Abstracts/Phyto_84_101.htm]]+Nesme X, Steenackers M, Steenackers V, Picard C, Ménard M, Ridé S, Ridé M (1994). Differential host-pathogen interactions among clones of poplar and strains of //Xanthomonas populi// pv. //populi//. Phytopathology 81: 101-107. PDF: [[https://www.apsnet.org/publications/phytopathology/backissues/Documents/1994Abstracts/Phyto_84_101.htm|www.apsnet.org/publications/phytopathology/backissues/Documents/1994Abstracts/Phyto_84_101.htm]] 
 + 
 +---- 
 + 
 +===== Acknowledgements ===== 
 + 
 +This fact sheet is based upon work from COST Action CA16107 EuroXanth, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). 
  
plant/populus.1696258219.txt.gz · Last modified: 2023/10/02 15:50 by rkoebnik