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====== Taxonomy and Diversity of Xanthomonads ======

This data is based on the review by [[https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040862|Catara et al. (2021]]), focused on the molecular methods for diagnosis, detection, and studies on the diversity of plant pathogenic //Xanthomonas//, concentrating especially on regulated pathogens in the European Union published as a collective effort of the [[https://euroxanth.eu/management/wg1|Working Group 1]] 'Diagnostics & Diversity–Population Structure' from the [[https://euroxanth.eu|EuroXanth]] COST Action CA16107.

**Tools for molecular typing of regulated Xanthomonas**

^  Pathogen  ^  Fingerprints  ^  VNTR/MLVA  ^  CRISPR  ^  MLSA/MLST  |
|**A1 list** |||||
|//X//. //citri// pv. aurantifolii  |  NA<sup>1</sup>     |  NA  |  NA  |[[https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058474|Mhedbi-Hajri (2013)]] |
|//X//. //citri// pv. citri  |[[https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.009514-0|Bui Thi Ngoc (2010)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12019|Escalon (2013)]] |[[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02242.x|Bui Thi Ngoc (2009)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.12369|Vernière (2014)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0098129|Pruvost (2015)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.12876|Leduc (2015)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.14007|Richard (2017)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12788|Pruvost (2019)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9050945|Pruvost (2021)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13451|Pruvost (2022)]] |[[https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-019-6267-z|Jeong (2019)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10091715|Bellander (2022)]] |[[https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.009514-0|Bui Thi Ngoc (2010)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058474|Mhedbi-Hajri (2013)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-12-23-0490-R|Okoh (2024)]] |
|//X//. //euvesicatoria// pv. allii  |[[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.2004.94.2.184|Gent (2004)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-95-0918|Gent (2005)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-96-1345|Humeau (2006)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-98-8-0919|Picard(2008)]] |[[https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030536|Vancheva (2021)]] |  NA  |[[https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058474|Mhedbi-Hajri (2013)]] |
|//X//. //oryzae// pv. oryzae  |[[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.3.302|George (1997)]] |[[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02768-14|Poulin (2015)]] , \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-023-00648-x|Diallo (2023)]] |  NA  |[[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2011.00745.x|Hajri (2012)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-07-13-0213-R|Wonni (2014)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.14813|Sakthivel (2021)]] |
|//X//. //oryzae// pv. oryzicola  |  NA  |[[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-04-12-0078-R|Zhao (2012)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02768-14|Poulin (2015)]] |  NA  |[[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2011.00745.x|Hajri (2012)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-04-12-0078-R|Zhao (2012)]] |
|**A2 list** |||||
|//X//. //arboricola// pv. corylina  |  NA  |[[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2014.02.017|Cesbron (2014)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00835-15|Essakhi (2015)]] |  NA  |[[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00835-15|Essakhi (2015)]] |
|//X//. //arboricola// pv. juglandis  |[[https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017951406237|Loreti (2001)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0434.2001.00628.x|Scortichini (2001)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02362.x|Hajri (2010)]] |[[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00835-15|Essakhi (2015)]] |  NA  |[[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00835-15|Essakhi (2015)]] |
|//X//. //arboricola// pv. pruni  |[[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-95-1081|Boudon (2005)]] |[[https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0434.2001.00628.x|Scortichini (2001)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00835-15|Essakhi (2015)]] |  NA  |[[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-95-1081|Boudon (2005)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00835-15|Essakhi (2015)]] |
|//X//. //axonopodis// pv. poinsettiicola  |  NA  |  NA  |  NA  |[[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-08-14-0867-RE|Rockey (2015)]] |
|//X//. //euvesicatoria// pv. euvesicatoria  |[[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-8-0993|Hamza (2010)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.syapm.2011.12.005|Hamza (2012)]] |[[https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030536|Vancheva (2021)]] |  NA  |[[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-8-0993|Hamza (2010)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.syapm.2011.12.005|Hamza (2012)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058474|Mhedbi-Hajri (2013)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms710046227|Dhakal (2019)]] |
|//X//. //euvesicatoria// pv. perforans  |[[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-8-0993|Hamza (2010)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.syapm.2011.12.005|Hamza (2012)]] |[[https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030536|Vancheva (2021)]] |  NA  |[[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-8-0993|Hamza (2010)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.syapm.2011.12.005|Hamza (2012)]] |
|//X//. //fragariae//   |[[https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.62.9.3121-3127.1996|Pooler (1996)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.64.10.3961-3965.1998|Roberts (1998)]] |[[https://doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.000189/29874158/|Gétaz (2018)]] |[[https://doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.000189/29874158/|Gétaz (2018)]] |[[https://doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.000189/29874158/|Gétaz (2018)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-23-0933-SC|Wei (2023)]] |
|//X//. //hortorum// pv. gardneri  |[[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-8-0993|Hamza (2010)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.syapm.2011.12.005|Hamza (2012)]] |  NA  |  NA  |[[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-8-0993|Hamza (2010)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.syapm.2011.12.005|Hamza (2012)]] |
|//X//. //phaseoli// pv. dieffenbachiae  |[[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.2004.88.9.980|Khoodoo (2004)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-08-12-0191-R|Donahoo (2013)]] |  NA  |  NA  |[[https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058474|Mhedbi-Hajri (2013)]] |
|//X//. //phaseoli// pv. phaseoli, //X//. //citri// pv. fuscans  |[[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.2004.94.6.593|Mkandawire (2004)]] |  NA  |  NA  |[[https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058474|Mhedbi-Hajri (2013)]] |
|//X//. //translucens// pv. translucens  |[[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.11.1111|Bragard (1997)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-96-0876|Rademaker (2006)]] |  NA  |  NA  |[[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-08-17-0271-R|Curland (2018)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01518-19|Khojasteh (2019)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-04-19-0134-R|Curland (2020]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-10-22-0381-SA|Hong (2023)]] |
|//X//. //vesicatoria//   |[[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-8-0993|Hamza (2010)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.syapm.2011.12.005|Hamza (2012)]] |  NA  |  NA  |[[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-8-0993|Hamza (2010)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.syapm.2011.12.005|Hamza (2012)]], \\  [[https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms710046227|Dhakal (2019)]] |

<sup>1</sup>  NA: not available.
===== References =====

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Mkandawire AB, Mabagala RB, Guzmán P, Gepts P, Gilbertson RL (2004). Genetic diversity and pathogenic variation of common blight bacteria (//Xanthomonas campestris// pv. phaseoli and //X. campestris// pv. phaseoli var. fuscans) suggests pathogen coevolution with the common bean. Phytopathology 94: 593-603. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.2004.94.6.593|10.1094/PHYTO.2004.94.6.593]]

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Poulin L, Grygiel P, Magne M, Gagnevin L, Rodriguez-R LM, Forero Serna N, Zhao S, El Rafii M, Dao S, Tekete C, Wonni I, Koita O, Pruvost O, Verdier V, Vernière C, Koebnik R (2015). New multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis tool for surveillance and local epidemiology of bacterial leaf blight and bacterial leaf streak of rice caused by //Xanthomonas oryzae//. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 81: 688-698. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02768-14|10.1128/AEM.02768-14]]

Pruvost O, Boyer K, Ravigné V, Richard D, Vernière C (2019). Deciphering how plant pathogenic bacteria disperse and meet: Molecular epidemiology of //Xanthomonas citri// pv. citri at microgeographic scales in a tropical area of Asiatic citrus canker endemicity. Evol. Appl. 12: 1523-1538. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12788|10.1111/eva.12788]]

Pruvost O, Ibrahim YE, Sharafaddin AH, Boyer K, Widyawan A, Al-Saleh MA (2022). Molecular epidemiology of the citrus bacterial pathogen //Xanthomonas citri// pv. //citri// from the Arabian Peninsula reveals a complex structure of specialist and generalist strains. Evol Appl., in press. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13451|10.1111/eva.13451]]

Pruvost O, Magne M, Boyer K, Leduc A, Tourterel C, Drevet C, Ravigné V, Gagnevin L, Guérin F, Chiroleu F, Koebnik R, Verdier V, Vernière C (2014). A MLVA genotyping scheme for global surveillance of the citrus pathogen //Xanthomonas citri// pv. citri suggests a worldwide geographical expansion of a single genetic lineage. PLoS One 9: e98129. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0098129|10.1371/journal.pone.0098129]]

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