Author: Roland Kölliker
Internal reviewer: Massimiliano Morelli
Expert reviewer: WANTED!
cassava4.1_013474 (Sui et al., 2017).
Cassava cultivar TMS 60444 (Cohn et al., 2014; Cohn et al., 2016).
Sequenced (Cohn et al., 2014).
NA
Interacts with Tal20Xam668 (Cohn et al., 2014).
NA
Cassava cultivar TMS 60444 (Cohn et al., 2016).
Identified (Cohn et al., 2016).
NA
RNA sequencing was used to identify the full target repertoire of TAL14Xam668 in cassava, which includes over 50 genes. A subset of highly up-regulated genes was tested for activation by TAL14CIO151 from Xpm strain CIO151 (Cohn et al., 2016).
PCR250; Xa21-like resistance gene (Diaz-Tatis et al., 2018).
Cassava cultivars MBra685 and MBra902 (Diaz-Tatis et al., 2018).
Sequenced (Diaz-Tatis et al., 2018).
PCR250 (Jorge et al., 2000).
Overexpression of RXam1 leads to a reduction in bacterial growth of Xpm CIO136. This suggests that RXam1 might be implicated in strain-specific resistance to Xpm CIO136 (Diaz-Tatis et al., 2018).
NA
Pepper (Tai et al., 1999; Diaz-Tatis et al., 2019).
Sequenced (Diaz-Tatis et al., 2019).
NA
Transgenic cassava plants that functionally express Bs2 were regenerated. These results showed that overexpression of Bs2 in a highly susceptible cultivar leads to reactive oxygen species production. However, the overexpression of Bs2 neither leads to an HR in cassava nor reduces Xpm growth on in vitro plants (Diaz-Tatis et al., 2019).
NA
Cassava (Li et al., 2017a).
Sequenced (Li et al., 2017a).
NA
Arabidopsis MeBIK1 overexpression lines OX1 demonstrated a strong resistance to Xpm strain HN01 (Li et al., 2017a).
NA
Cassava cultivar South China 124 (Li et al., 2017b).
Sequenced (Li et al., 2017b).
NA
MebZIP3 and MebZIP5 conferred improved disease resistance against cassava bacterial blight, with more callose depositions (Li et al., 2017b).
NA
Cassava cultivas South China 124 (Li et al., 2018).
Sequenced (Li et al., 2018).
NA
Through overexpression in Nicotiana benthamiana, it was found that 4 MeDELLAs conferred improved disease resistance against cassava bacterial blight (Li et al., 2018).
NA
Cassava cultivar MCOL22 (Pereira et al., 2003).
Sequenced (Pereira et al., 2003).
NA
Polymorphisms between cultivars generally reflected geographic origin, but there was also an association with resistance to CBB, indicating that MEPX1 could be a potentially useful marker for this trait (Pereira et al., 2003).
NA
Cassava F1 mapping population, derived from a cross between cultivar TMS30572 and cultivar CM2177-2 (Fregene et al., 1997).
Mapped (Soto et al., 2017).
Various defence related candidate genes (Soto et al., 2017).
Based on composite interval mapping analysis, five strain-specific QTLs for resistance to Xpm explaining between 15.8 and 22.1% of phenotypic variance were detected and localized on a high resolution SNP-based genetic map of cassava (Soto et al., 2017).
NA
Cassava cultivar South China 124 (Wei et al., 2018a).
Sequenced (Wei et al., 2018a).
NA
Gene expression assays showed that the transcripts of MeRAVs were commonly regulated after Xpm challenge and MeRAVs were specifically located in plant cell nuclei. Through virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) in cassava, it was found that MeRAV1 and MeRAV2 are essential for plant disease resistance against cassava bacterial blight, as shown by the bacterial propagation of Xpm in plant leaves (Wei et al., 2018a).
NA
Cassava cultivar South China 124 (Wei et al., 2018).
Sequenced (Wei et al., 2018).
NA
Through transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in cassava, the essential role of MeHsf3 in plant disease resistance was identified (Wei et al., 2018).
NA
Cassava cultivar South China 124 (Yan et al., 2017).
Sequenced (Yan et al., 2017).
NA
Taken together, MeWRKY20 and MeATG8a/8f/8h are essential for disease resistance against bacterial blight by forming various transcriptional modules and interacting complex in cassava (Yan et al., 2017; Zeng et al., 2018).
Cohn M, Bart RS, Shybut M, Dahlbeck D, Gomez M, Morbitzer R, Hou BH, Frommer WB, Lahaye T, Staskawicz BJ (2014). Xanthomonas axonopodis virulence is promoted by a transcription activator-like effector–mediated induction of a SWEET sugar transporter in cassava. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 27: 1186-1198. DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-06-14-0161-r
Cohn M, Morbitzer R, Lahaye T, Staskawicz J (2016). Comparison of gene activation by two TAL effectors from Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis reveals candidate host susceptibility genes in cassava. Mol. Plant Pathol. 17: 875-889. DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12337
Díaz Tatis PA, Herrera Corzo M, Ochoa Cabezas JC, Medina Cipagauta A, Prías MA, Verdier V, Chavarriaga Aguirre P, López Carrascal CE (2018). The overexpression of RXam1, a cassava gene coding for an RLK, confers disease resistance to Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis. Planta 247: 1031-1042. DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-2863-4
Diaz-Tatis PA, Ochoa JC, Garcia L, Chavarriaga P, Bernal AJ, López CE (2019). Interfamily transfer of Bs2 from pepper to cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Tropical Plant Pathol. 44: 225-237. DOI: 10.1007/s40858-019-00279-y
Fregene M, Angel F, Gómez R, Rodriguez F, Chavarriaga P, Roca W, Tohme J, Bonierbale M (1997). A molecular genetic map of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Theor. Appl. Genet. 95: 431-441. DOI: 10.1007/s001220050580
Jorge V, Fregene MA, Duque MC, Bonierbale MW, Tohme J, Verdier V (2000). Genetic mapping of resistance to bacterial blight disease in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Theor. Appl. Genet. 101: 865-872. DOI: 10.1007/s001220051554
Li K, Xiong X, Zhu S, Liao H, Xiao X, Tang Z, Hong Y, Li C, Luo L, Zheng L, Niu X, Chen Y (2017a). MeBIK1, a novel cassava receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase, regulates PTI response of transgenic Arabidopsis. Funct. Plant Biol. 45: 658-667. DOI: 10.1071/FP17192
Li X, Fan S, Hu W, Liu G, Wei Y, He C, Shi H (2017b). Two cassava basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors (MebZIP3 and MebZIP5) confer disease resistance against cassava bacterial blight. Front. Plant Sci. 8: 2110. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02110
Li X, Liu W, Li B, Liu G, Wei Y, He C, Shi H (2018). Identification and functional analysis of cassava DELLA proteins in plant disease resistance against cassava bacterial blight. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 124: 70-76. DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.12.022
Pereira LF, Goodwin PH, Erickson L (2003). Cloning of a peroxidase gene from cassava with potential as a molecular marker for resistance to bacterial blight. Braz. Arch. Biol. Technol. 46: 149-154. DOI: 10.1590/S1516-89132003000200002
Soto Sedano JC, Mora Moreno RE, Mathew B, Léon J, Gómez Cano FA, Ballvora A, López Carrascal CE (2017). Major novel QTL for resistance to cassava bacterial blight identified through a multi-environmental analysis. Front. Plant Sci. 8: 1169. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01169
Tai TH, Dahlbeck D, Clark ET, Gajiwala P, Pasion R, Whalen MC, Stall RE, Staskawicz BJ (1999). Expression of the Bs2 pepper gene confers resistance to bacterial spot disease in tomato. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96: 14153‐14158. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.24.14153
Wei Y, Chang Y, Zeng H, Liu G, He C, Shi H (2018a). RAV transcription factors are essential for disease resistance against cassava bacterial blight via activation of melatonin biosynthesis genes. J. Pineal Res. 64: e12454. DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12454
Wei Y, Liu G, Chang Y (2018b). Heat shock transcription factor 3 regulates plant immune response through modulation of salicylic acid accumulation and signalling in cassava. Mol. Plant Pathol. 19: 2209-2220. DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12691
Yan Y, Wang P, He C, Shi H (2017). MeWRKY20 and its interacting and activating autophagy-related protein 8 (MeATG8) regulate plant disease resistance in cassava. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 494: 20-26. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.10.091
Zeng H, Xie Y, Liu G, Lin D, He C, Shi H (2018). Molecular identification of GAPDHs in cassava highlights the antagonism of MeGAPCs and MeATG8s in plant disease resistance against cassava bacterial blight. Plant Mol. Biol. 97: 201-214. DOI: 10.1007/s11103-018-0733-x
This fact sheet is based upon work from COST Action CA16107 EuroXanth, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology).