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bacteria:t3e:xopm [2025/01/27 23:29] – [Biological function] jfpothierbacteria:t3e:xopm [2025/07/04 23:42] (current) – jfpothier
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 Author: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ralf_Koebnik|Ralf Koebnik]]\\ Author: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ralf_Koebnik|Ralf Koebnik]]\\
-Expert reviewer: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Frederik-Boernke|Frederik Börnke]]+Expert reviewer: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Frederik-Boernke|Frederik Börnke]]\\
  
 Class: XopM\\ Class: XopM\\
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 === How discovered? === === How discovered? ===
  
-//xopM// <sub>//Xee//85-10</sub> was identified as a candidate T3E gene based on the presence of a PIP box in the promoter region and its conservation in other plant pathogens (Schulze //et al.//, 2012). XopM was also discovered as a T3E in //Xee//<sub>85-10</sub> using a machine-learning approach (Teper  //et al//., 2016).+//xopM// <sub>//Xee//85-10</sub> was identified as a candidate T3E gene based on the presence of a PIP box in the promoter region and its conservation in other plant pathogens (Schulze //et al.//, 2012). XopM was also discovered as a T3E in //Xee//<sub>85-10</sub> using a machine-learning approach (Teper //et al//., 2016).
  
 === (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E === === (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E ===
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 The //Xee//<sub>85-10</sub> strain deleted in //xopM// showed no difference in the induction of disease symptoms on pepper plants compared to the wild-type strain 85-10 (Schulze //et al.//, 2012). The //Xee//<sub>85-10</sub> strain deleted in //xopM// showed no difference in the induction of disease symptoms on pepper plants compared to the wild-type strain 85-10 (Schulze //et al.//, 2012).
  
-To identify defense reactions, mediated by //xopM//, leaves of pepper ECW, //Nicotiana benthamiana// and //N. tabacum//, the latter two being nonhost plants of //Xee// <sub>85-10</sub>, were inoculated with //Agrobacterium// strains mediating the //in planta //expression of the effector gene fused to GFP. In this assay, XopM elicited a cell death reaction in //N. benthamiana// at 3–5 dpi (Schulze //et al.//, 2012).+To identify defense reactions, mediated by //xopM//, leaves of pepper ECW, //Nicotiana benthamiana// and //N. tabacum//, the latter two being nonhost plants of //Xee// <sub>85-10</sub>, were inoculated with //Agrobacterium// strains mediating the //in planta// expression of the effector gene fused to GFP. In this assay, XopM elicited a cell death reaction in //N. benthamiana// at 3–5 dpi (Schulze //et al.//, 2012).
 When ectopically expressed in plants, XopM supports growth of a non-pathogenic bacterial strain and dampens the production of reactive oxygen species, indicating its ability to suppress plant immunity (Brinkmann et al., 2024). The abilty to repress a flg22 induced ROS burst is independent of XopM binding to VAP but requires localization at the host cell plasma membrane (see below, Brinkmann et al., 2024). When ectopically expressed in plants, XopM supports growth of a non-pathogenic bacterial strain and dampens the production of reactive oxygen species, indicating its ability to suppress plant immunity (Brinkmann et al., 2024). The abilty to repress a flg22 induced ROS burst is independent of XopM binding to VAP but requires localization at the host cell plasma membrane (see below, Brinkmann et al., 2024).
  
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 //xopM// is typically encoded next to the //hrp// gene cluster and considered a core effector gene in several //Xanthomonas// species (Jiang //et al.//, 2009; Merda //et al.//, 2017; Pesce //et al.//, 2017). //xopM// is typically encoded next to the //hrp// gene cluster and considered a core effector gene in several //Xanthomonas// species (Jiang //et al.//, 2009; Merda //et al.//, 2017; Pesce //et al.//, 2017).
 +
 === In other plant pathogens/symbionts === === In other plant pathogens/symbionts ===
  
 Yes (//Acidovorax//, //Pseudomonas//, and //Ralstonia//) (Schulze //et al.//, 2012; Pesce //et al.//, 2017) Yes (//Acidovorax//, //Pseudomonas//, and //Ralstonia//) (Schulze //et al.//, 2012; Pesce //et al.//, 2017)
 +
 ===== References ===== ===== References =====
  
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 Teper D, Burstein D, Salomon D, Gershovitz M, Pupko T, Sessa G (2016). Identification of novel //Xanthomonas euvesicatoria// type III effector proteins by a machine-learning approach. Mol. Plant Pathol. 17: 398-411. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12288|10.1111/mpp.12288]] Teper D, Burstein D, Salomon D, Gershovitz M, Pupko T, Sessa G (2016). Identification of novel //Xanthomonas euvesicatoria// type III effector proteins by a machine-learning approach. Mol. Plant Pathol. 17: 398-411. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12288|10.1111/mpp.12288]]
 +
 +===== Acknowledgements =====
 +
 +This fact sheet is based upon work from COST Action CA16107 EuroXanth, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology).
  
bacteria/t3e/xopm.1738020540.txt.gz · Last modified: 2025/01/27 23:29 by jfpothier

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