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bacteria:t3e:xopd [2025/02/12 23:51] – jfpothierbacteria:t3e:xopd [2025/07/04 23:29] (current) – jfpothier
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 Author: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Monika_Kaluzna|Monika Kałużna]]\\ Author: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Monika_Kaluzna|Monika Kałużna]]\\
-Internal reviewer: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Alice_Castaing|Alice Boulanger]]+Internal reviewer: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Alice_Castaing|Alice Boulanger]]\\
  
 Class: XopD (//Xanthomonas// outer protein D)\\ Class: XopD (//Xanthomonas// outer protein D)\\
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 Besides C-terminal SUMO protease domain (Hotson //et al//., 2003; Chosed //et al//., 2007), XopD has a unique N-terminal region with a host range determining non-specific DNA-binding domain (DBD) (Kim //et al//., 2011) and a central domain with two internal ERF-associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) motifs (L/FDLNL/FXP) (Ohta //et al//., 2001), which were found in plant repressors that regulate stress induced transcription. XopD might repress host transcription during //Xcv// infection (Ohta //et al//., 2001; Kim //et al//., 2011). Besides C-terminal SUMO protease domain (Hotson //et al//., 2003; Chosed //et al//., 2007), XopD has a unique N-terminal region with a host range determining non-specific DNA-binding domain (DBD) (Kim //et al//., 2011) and a central domain with two internal ERF-associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) motifs (L/FDLNL/FXP) (Ohta //et al//., 2001), which were found in plant repressors that regulate stress induced transcription. XopD might repress host transcription during //Xcv// infection (Ohta //et al//., 2001; Kim //et al//., 2011).
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 === Regulation === === Regulation ===
  
 The //xopD// gene expression is induced in a //hrpG//- and //hrpX//-dependent manner (Noël //et al//., 2002). It was described that, XopD promoter does not contain a PIP box, but a //hrp// box, which is found in all //hrpL//-dependent promoters in //P. syringae// and //Erwinia// spp. (GGAACTNA-N13-CGACNNA; consensus: GGAACcNa-N13/14-cCACNNA) (Noël //et al//., 2002; Innes //et al//., 1993). However, after carefully inspected the intergenic region of the //Xanthomonas euvesicatoria// pv. //euvesicatoria// 85-10 genome (Xcv 85-10) between the //XCV0436// locus and the //xopD// locus for an alternative promoter and start site (Kim //et al//., 2011), identified a putative PIP box and ATG just downstream of the //XCV0436// locus. Using ATG as the putative start codon, the respective //xopD// ORF predicts a protein with 760 aa with a longer N-terminal domain (Kim //et al//., 2011). The //xopD// gene expression is induced in a //hrpG//- and //hrpX//-dependent manner (Noël //et al//., 2002). It was described that, XopD promoter does not contain a PIP box, but a //hrp// box, which is found in all //hrpL//-dependent promoters in //P. syringae// and //Erwinia// spp. (GGAACTNA-N13-CGACNNA; consensus: GGAACcNa-N13/14-cCACNNA) (Noël //et al//., 2002; Innes //et al//., 1993). However, after carefully inspected the intergenic region of the //Xanthomonas euvesicatoria// pv. //euvesicatoria// 85-10 genome (Xcv 85-10) between the //XCV0436// locus and the //xopD// locus for an alternative promoter and start site (Kim //et al//., 2011), identified a putative PIP box and ATG just downstream of the //XCV0436// locus. Using ATG as the putative start codon, the respective //xopD// ORF predicts a protein with 760 aa with a longer N-terminal domain (Kim //et al//., 2011).
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 === Phenotypes === === Phenotypes ===
  
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 Transgenic expression of XopD<sub>Xcc8004</sub> in //Arabidopsis// has shown an accumulation of host defense response in a SA-dependent way (Tan //et al.//, 2015). Another study showed that //psvA// <sub>Xcc8004</sub> and //psvA// <sub>XccATCC33913</sub> (Castaneda //et al//., 2005) are not required for //Xcc// virulence in their host plants. Moreover, XopD<sub>XccB100</sub>, although having high sequence similarity with XopD<sub>Xcv85–10</sub> except for the KAE-rich domain localized in N-terminal region (Canonne //et al//., 2012), was not required for //Xcc// B100 virulence in //Arabidopsis//, //N. benthamiana//, and radish. These findings suggest that XopD-like effectors are not important for //Xcc//-plant interactions (Kim //et al//., 2011). Transgenic expression of XopD<sub>Xcc8004</sub> in //Arabidopsis// has shown an accumulation of host defense response in a SA-dependent way (Tan //et al.//, 2015). Another study showed that //psvA// <sub>Xcc8004</sub> and //psvA// <sub>XccATCC33913</sub> (Castaneda //et al//., 2005) are not required for //Xcc// virulence in their host plants. Moreover, XopD<sub>XccB100</sub>, although having high sequence similarity with XopD<sub>Xcv85–10</sub> except for the KAE-rich domain localized in N-terminal region (Canonne //et al//., 2012), was not required for //Xcc// B100 virulence in //Arabidopsis//, //N. benthamiana//, and radish. These findings suggest that XopD-like effectors are not important for //Xcc//-plant interactions (Kim //et al//., 2011).
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 === Localization === === Localization ===
  
 XopD localizes to subnuclear foci. The N terminus of XopD is required for targeting the effector to the plant nucleus; C-terminal domain encodes a Cys protease that cleaves SUMO-conjugated proteins (Hotson //et al//., 2003; Kim //et al//., 2008). XopD localizes to subnuclear foci. The N terminus of XopD is required for targeting the effector to the plant nucleus; C-terminal domain encodes a Cys protease that cleaves SUMO-conjugated proteins (Hotson //et al//., 2003; Kim //et al//., 2008).
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 === Enzymatic function === === Enzymatic function ===
  
 Peptidase, isopeptidase or desumoylating enzyme (Hotson //et al//., 2003). Peptidase, isopeptidase or desumoylating enzyme (Hotson //et al//., 2003).
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 === Interaction partners === === Interaction partners ===
  
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 Yes (//e.g.//, //Xanthomonas campestris// pv. //vesicatoria//, //X. campestris// pv. //campestris// (Kim //et al//., 2011). Yes (//e.g.//, //Xanthomonas campestris// pv. //vesicatoria//, //X. campestris// pv. //campestris// (Kim //et al//., 2011).
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 === In other plant pathogens/symbionts === === In other plant pathogens/symbionts ===
  
 Yes (//Acidovorax// and //Pseudomonas// spp., //e.g.//, //A. avenae// subsp. //citrulli//, //A. avenae// subsp. //avenae//, //P. savastanoi// pv. //savastanoi//, //P. syringae// pv. //eriobotryae//, //P. syringae// pv. //myricae//, //P. savastanoi// pv. //savastanoi//, //P. syringae// pv. //dendropanacis// (Kim //et al//., 2011). Yes (//Acidovorax// and //Pseudomonas// spp., //e.g.//, //A. avenae// subsp. //citrulli//, //A. avenae// subsp. //avenae//, //P. savastanoi// pv. //savastanoi//, //P. syringae// pv. //eriobotryae//, //P. syringae// pv. //myricae//, //P. savastanoi// pv. //savastanoi//, //P. syringae// pv. //dendropanacis// (Kim //et al//., 2011).
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 ===== References ===== ===== References =====
  
bacteria/t3e/xopd.1739404296.txt.gz · Last modified: 2025/02/12 23:51 by jfpothier

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