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--- bacteria:t3e:xopba [2023/02/16 11:55] – created rkoebnik
+++ bacteria:t3e:xopba [2024/12/16 14:51] (current) – [The Type III Effector XopBA from //Xanthomonas//] rkoebnik
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+====== The Type III Effector XopBA from //Xanthomonas// ======
+Author: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ralf-Koebnik|Ralf Koebnik]]
+Class: XopBA\\
+Family: XopBA\\
+Prototype: XopBA (//Xanthomonas euvesicatoria// pv. //euvesicatoria//; strain 66b)\\
+RefSeq ID: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/WP_227478587.1|WP_227478587.1]] (500 aa)\\
+D structure: Unknown
+===== Biological function =====
+=== How discovered? ===
+XopBA was discovered by homology to HopW/HopPmaA in //Pseudomonas syringae// (70% aa sequence identity) and EspW in //Escherichia coli// (30% aa sequence identity) (Stavrinides & Guttman, 2004; Sandu et al., 2017).
+=== (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E ===
+No evidence.
+=== Regulation ===
+Unknown.
+=== Phenotypes ===
+Ectopic expression of the distant homolog in //E. coli//, EspW, results in formation of unique membrane protrusions (Sandu //et al.//, 2017)
+=== Localization ===
+The distant homolog in //E. coli//, EspW, and Kif15 colocalized in cotransfected cells, while ectopically expressed Kif15 localized to the actin pedestals following EHEC infection (Sandu //et al.//, 2017).
+=== Enzymatic function ===
+The distant homolog in //E. coli//, EspW, modulates actin dynamics in a Rac1-dependent manner (Sandu //et al.//, 2017).
+=== Interaction partners ===
+The distant homolog in //E. coli//, EspW, was found to interact with the motor protein Kif15 in a yeast two-hybrid screen (Sandu //et al.//, 2017).
+===== Conservation =====
+=== In xanthomonads ===
+Yes (//e.g.//, //X. euvesicatoria, X. citri, X. transclucens, X. vasicola//).
+=== In other plant pathogens/symbionts ===
+Yes (//Acidovorax// spp., //Erwinia// spp., //Pseudomonas syringae//).
+===== References =====
+Sandu P, Crepin VF, Drechsler H, McAinsh AD, Frankel G, Berger CN (2017). The enterohemorrhagic //Escherichia coli// effector EspW triggers actin remodeling in a Rac1-dependent manner. Infect. Immun. 85: e00244-17. doi: [[https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.00244-17|10.1128/IAI.00244-17]]
+Stavrinides J, Guttman DS (2004). Nucleotide sequence and evolution of the five-plasmid complement of the phytopathogen //Pseudomonas syringae// pv. //maculicola// ES4326. J. Bacteriol. 186: 5101-5115. doi: [[https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.186.15.5101-5115.2004|10.1128/JB.186.15.5101-5115.2004]]

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