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--- bacteria:t3e:xopaz [2023/02/17 10:06] – [Conservation] rkoebnik
+++ bacteria:t3e:xopaz [2025/01/27 22:27] (current) – [Conservation] jfpothier
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-====== XopAZ ======
+====== The Type III Effector XopAZ from //Xanthomonas// ======
-Author: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ralf-Koebnik|Ralf Koebnik]]\\
+Author: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ralf-Koebnik|Ralf Koebnik]]
-Internal reviewer:\\
-Expert reviewer:
 Class: XopAZ\\
 Family: XopAZ\\
-Prototype: XC3176 (//Xanthomonas campestris// pv. //campestris//; strain 8004)\\
+Prototype: XopAZ (//Xanthomonas hortorum// pv. //cynarae//, formerly //Xanthomonas cynarae//; strain CFBP 4188) (Kara, 2016)\\
-RefSeq ID: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/AAY50220.1|AAY50220.1]] (244 aa)\\
+GenBank ID: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/MCE4349711.1|MCE4349711.1 ]] (157 aa)\\
+RefSeq ID: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/WP_104549896.1|WP_104549896.1]] (157 aa)\\
 D structure: Unknown
@@ Line 15: / Line 14: @@
 === How discovered? ===
+A cosmid library was created from genomic DNA of //X. cynarae// and the cosmid clone library was screened in //X. perforans// strain ME24. The transconjugants were infiltrated into tomato to identify the clones which resulted in rapid necrosis, characteristic of an HR. Three of the clones elicited HRs in tomato. One of the clones was subcloned and the fragments were tested for ability to elicit an HR in tomato. One of the subclones elicited an HR and was determined to contain a 510 bp open reading frame (ORF). BLAST analysis of the nucleotide sequence revealed 98.6% sequence identity with a peptidylprolyl isomerase gene in //X. gardneri// strain ICMP 7893 (Kara //et al.//, 2017). This effector protein, which was called XopAZ in a poster presented at APS Meeting in 2017, had 169 aa with 12 extra amino acids at the N terminus (MHSTRSPSWRFP) (Kara //et al.//, 2017).
 === (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E ===
-The promoter and signal region of XC3176 were fused to the HR-inducing AvrBs1 C-terminal domain lack of 58 N-terminal amino acid residues. This construct elicited an hypersensitive response on the pepper ECW-10R containing the corresponding resistance gene //Bs1// in a //hrcV//-dependent manner (Yang et al., 2015).
+Whether the protein is an effector delivered by the type III secretion system was tested using a reporter system in which 70 amino acids at the N-terminus of the candidate gene was fused to the C-terminus of AvrBs2 as described previously (Roden //et al.//, 2004). When a bacterial suspension of the //X. euvesicatoria// strain Ted 3 that did not contain //avrBs2//, but that was carrying the vector encoding the fusion protein, was infiltrated into pepper leaves containing //Bs2// (ECW-20R) and pepper leaves without //Bs2// (ECW), an HR was observed only in ECW-20R.
 === Regulation ===
-A reporter GUS fusion of XC3176 displayed GUS activities, which were significantly lower in the mutant strains Δ//hrpX// and Δ//hrpG// than that in the wild type //X. campestris// pv. //campestris// strain (Yang et al., 2015).
 === Phenotypes ===
-XC3176 was found to be required for the full virulence of //X. campestris// pv. //campestris// strain 8004 when assayed on Chinese radish by the leaf-clipping method (Yang et al., 2015).
 === Localization ===
-Unknown
 === Enzymatic function ===
-Unknown
+Predicted peptidylprolyl isomerase.
 === Interaction partners ===
-Unknown
 ===== Conservation =====
@@ Line 40: / Line 34: @@
 === In xanthomonads ===
-Yes (e.g. //X. campestris//, //X. hortorum//, //X. arboricola//, //X. fragariae//)
+Universally conserved protein, //e.g.//, //Xanthomonas melonis// (Ramnarine //et al.//, 2022).
 === In other plant pathogens/symbionts ===
-No
+Universally conserved protein.
 ===== References =====
-Yang L, Su H, Yang F, Jian H, Zhou M, Jiang W, Jiang B (2015). Identification of a new type III effector XC3176 in //Xanthomonas campestris// pv. //campestris//. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao 55: 1264-1272. PubMed ID: [[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26939454/|26939454]]. Article in Chinese.
+Kara S (2016). Characterization of a new type three secretion effector in //Xanthomonas cynarae//. Doctoral Thesis. University of Florida, Gainesville, USA. PDF: [[https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0050778/00001|ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0050778/00001]]
+Kara S, Timilsina S, Jacques MA, Potnis N, Vallad G, Fischer-Le Saux M, Hurlbert JC, Minsavage GV, Jones JB (2017). A novel type III Xop effector in //Xanthomonas cynarae// associated with rapid cell death. Phytopathology 107: S5.88. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-107-12-S5.1|10.1094/PHYTO-107-12-S5.1]]
+Ramnarine SDBJ, Jayaraman J, Ramsubhag A (2022). Comparative genomics of the black rot pathogen //Xanthomonas campestris// pv. //campestris// and non-pathogenic co-inhabitant //Xanthomonas melonis// from Trinidad reveal unique pathogenicity determinants and secretion system profiles. PeerJ 9: e12632. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12632|10.7717/peerj.12632]]
+Roden JA, Belt B, Ross JB, Tachibana T, Vargas J, Mudgett MB (2004). A genetic screen to isolate type III effectors translocated into pepper cells during //Xanthomonas// infection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 101: 16624-16629. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0407383101|10.1073/pnas.0407383101]]

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