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bacteria:t3e:xopak [2024/05/29 16:10] – rkoebnikbacteria:t3e:xopak [2025/07/04 23:16] (current) – jfpothier
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-====== The Type III Effector XopAK ======+====== The Type III Effector XopAK from //Xanthomonas// ======
  
 Author: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Vittoria_Catara|Vittoria Catara]]\\ Author: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Vittoria_Catara|Vittoria Catara]]\\
 Internal reviewer: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ralf_Koebnik|Ralf Koebnik]]\\ Internal reviewer: [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ralf_Koebnik|Ralf Koebnik]]\\
-Expert reviewer: [[https://sessalab.wixsite.com/site|Guido Sessa]], Haimiao Zhang+Expert reviewer: [[https://sessalab.wixsite.com/site|Guido Sessa]], [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Xinhua-Ding|Xinhua Ding]]\\
  
 Class: XopAK\\ Class: XopAK\\
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 XopAK can bind the //OsMYBxoc1// promoter and inhibit its transcription to remove the restriction of iron ions in rice, thereby improving the virulence of the rice pathogen //Xanthomonas oryzae// pv. //oryzicola// (//Xoc//) (Zhang //et al//., 2024). XopAK can bind the //OsMYBxoc1// promoter and inhibit its transcription to remove the restriction of iron ions in rice, thereby improving the virulence of the rice pathogen //Xanthomonas oryzae// pv. //oryzicola// (//Xoc//) (Zhang //et al//., 2024).
 +
 === How discovered? === === How discovered? ===
  
 XopAK was discovered using a machine-learning approach (Teper //et al//., 2016). XopAK was discovered using a machine-learning approach (Teper //et al//., 2016).
 +
 === (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E === === (Experimental) evidence for being a T3E ===
  
 XopAK, fused to the AvrBs2 reporter, was shown to translocate into plant cells in an //hrpF//-dependent manner (Teper //et al//., 2016). XopAK, fused to the AvrBs2 reporter, was shown to translocate into plant cells in an //hrpF//-dependent manner (Teper //et al//., 2016).
 +
 === Regulation === === Regulation ===
  
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 Disease severity, ion leakage, chlorophyll content of pepper plants inoculated with a mutant strain obtained by insertion mutagenesis of //xopAK// and //in planta// bacterial growth were not affected as compared to plants inoculated with the parent strain //X. euvesicatoria// pv. //euvesicatoria// (//Xcv//) 85-10 (Teper //et al//., 2016). Disease severity, ion leakage, chlorophyll content of pepper plants inoculated with a mutant strain obtained by insertion mutagenesis of //xopAK// and //in planta// bacterial growth were not affected as compared to plants inoculated with the parent strain //X. euvesicatoria// pv. //euvesicatoria// (//Xcv//) 85-10 (Teper //et al//., 2016).
 +
 === Localization === === Localization ===
  
 Upon //Agrobacterium//-mediated transient expression, a XopAK-GFP fusion was found to localize to the cell membrane and the nucleus of //Nicotiana benthamiana// cells (Zhang //et al//., 2024). Upon //Agrobacterium//-mediated transient expression, a XopAK-GFP fusion was found to localize to the cell membrane and the nucleus of //Nicotiana benthamiana// cells (Zhang //et al//., 2024).
 +
 === Enzymatic function === === Enzymatic function ===
  
 XopAK has been predicted to be a deaminase (Teper //et al//., 2016). XopAK has been predicted to be a deaminase (Teper //et al//., 2016).
 +
 === Interaction partners === === Interaction partners ===
  
 XopAK binds to the //OsMYBxoc1// promoter and inhibits its transcription (Zhang //et al//., 2024). XopAK binds to the //OsMYBxoc1// promoter and inhibits its transcription (Zhang //et al//., 2024).
 +
 ===== Conservation ===== ===== Conservation =====
  
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 Yes (//e.g.//, //Pseudomonas syringae// effector HopK1, //Ralstonia solanacearum// (Petnicki-Ocwieja //et al.//, 2002; He //et al.//, 2004; Li //et al//., 2014; Schechter //et al.//, 2004; Teper //et al//., 2016) Yes (//e.g.//, //Pseudomonas syringae// effector HopK1, //Ralstonia solanacearum// (Petnicki-Ocwieja //et al.//, 2002; He //et al.//, 2004; Li //et al//., 2014; Schechter //et al.//, 2004; Teper //et al//., 2016)
 +
 ===== References ===== ===== References =====
  
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 Teper D, Burstein D, Salomon D, Gershovitz M, Pupko T, Sessa G (2016). Identification of novel //Xanthomonas euvesicatoria// type III effector proteins by a machine‐learning approach. Mol. Plant Pathol. 17: 398-411. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12288|10.1111/mpp.12288]] Teper D, Burstein D, Salomon D, Gershovitz M, Pupko T, Sessa G (2016). Identification of novel //Xanthomonas euvesicatoria// type III effector proteins by a machine‐learning approach. Mol. Plant Pathol. 17: 398-411. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12288|10.1111/mpp.12288]]
  
-Zhang HM, Sun BL, Wu W, Li Y, Yin ZY, Lu CC, Zhao HP, Kong LG, Ding XH (2024). The MYB transcription factor OsMYBxoc1 regulates resistance to// Xoc// by directly repressing transcription of the iron transport gene //OsNRAMP5// in rice. Plant Commun. 5: 100859. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100859|10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100859]]+Zhang HM, Sun BL, Wu W, Li Y, Yin ZY, Lu CC, Zhao HP, Kong LG, Ding XH (2024). The MYB transcription factor OsMYBxoc1 regulates resistance to //Xoc// by directly repressing transcription of the iron transport gene //OsNRAMP5// in rice. Plant Commun. 5: 100859. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100859|10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100859]] 
 + 
 +===== Acknowledgements ===== 
 + 
 +This fact sheet is based upon work from COST Action CA16107 EuroXanth, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology).
  
bacteria/t3e/xopak.1716995419.txt.gz · Last modified: 2024/05/29 16:10 by rkoebnik

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