Author: Pavel Beran
Internal reviewer: Inga Moročko-Bičevska
NA
Capsicum chacoense (Cook & Stall, 1963).
Sequenced.
Transgene.
Expression of the Bs2 pepper gene confers resistance to bacterial spot disease in tomato (Tai et al., 1999). Transgenic Bs2 resistance confers effective field level control of bacterial spot disease in tomato (Horvath et al., 2012).
NA
Tomato variety Fla. 8000 (Ortega et al., 2024).
Located on chromosome 9 (Ortega et al., 2024). Sequenced (Ortega et al., 2024).
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated frameshift mutations (Ortega et al., 2024).
The two paralogs in tomato, SlBs5 and SlBs5L, are homologs of the pepper Cabs5 resistance gene (Ortega et al., 2024). The double gene knockouts provided some resistance (fewer / milder symptoms, reduced bacterial growth) against X. euvesicatoria pv. euvesicatoria, X. euvesicatoria pv. perforans, and X. hortorum pv. gardneri (Ortega et al., 2024).
NA
Tomato Hawaii 7998.
Mapped on chromosome 1 (Yu et al., 1995).
Southern blot, RFLP.
HR-inducing resistance to T1 race (Yu et al., 1995).
NA
Tomato Hawaii 7998.
Mapped on chromosome 1 (Yu et al., 1995).
Southern blot, RFLP.
HR-inducing resistance to T1 race (Yu et al., 1995).
NA
Tomato Hawaii 7998.
Mapped on chromosome 5 (Yu et al., 1995).
Southern blot, RFLP, SNP (Yang et al., 2005).
HR-inducing resistance to T1 race (Yu et al., 1995).
(possibly allelic to RxLA1589 and Xv3) (Zhao et al., 2015).
Solanum pimpinellifoliumPI128216.
Mapped on chromosome 11, sequenced (Pei et al., 2012).
SNP, InDel, SSR (Pei et al., 2012).
NBS-LRR class of resistance (Robbins et al., 2009).
(possibly allelic to Rx4 and Xv3) (Zhao et al., 2015).
Solanum pimpinellifoliumLA1589.
Mapped on chromosome 11, sequenced (Pei et al., 2012).
SNP, InDel, SSR (Pei et al., 2012).
NBS-LRR class of resistance (Sun et al., 2011).
NA
Solanum pennellii LA716.
Mapped on long arm of chromosome 6 (Sharlach et al., 2013).
Available (Sharlach et al., 2013).
RXopJ4 resistance depends on recognition of the pathogen type III effector protein XopJ4 (Sharlach et al., 2013).
(possibly allelic to Rx4 and RxLA1589) (Zhao et al., 2015).
Solanum pimpinellifolium PI126932.
Mapped on chromosome 11, sequenced (Pei et al., 2012).
SNP, InDel, SSR (Pei et al., 2012).
NBS-LRR class of resistance (Scott et al., 1996).
NA
Solanum pennellii LA716.
Mapped on chromosome 3, sequenced.
RFLP, PCR-based.
HR-inducing resistance to T3 race (Astua-Monge et al., 2000).
Astua-Monge G, Minsavage GV, Stall RE, Vallejos CE, Davis MJ, Jones JB (2000). Xv4-avrxv4: a new gene-for-gene interaction identified between Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria race T3 and the wild tomato relative Lycopersicon pennellii. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 13: 1346-1355. DOI: 10.1094/MPMI.2000.13.12.1346
Cook AA, Stall RE (1963). Inheritance of resistance in pepper to bacterial spot. Phytopathology 53: 1060-1062.
Horvath DM, Stall RE, Jones JB, Pauly MH, Vallad GE, Dahlbeck D, Staskawicz BJ, Scott JW (2012). Transgenic resistance confers effective field level control of bacterial spot disease in tomato. PLoS One 7: e42036. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042036
Ortega A, Seong K, Schultink A, de Toledo Thomazella DP, Seo E, Zhang E, Pham J, Cho MJ, Dahlbeck D, Warren J, Minsavage GV, Jones JB, Sierra-Orozco E, Hutton SF, Staskawicz B (2024). CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing of Bs5 and Bs5L in tomato leads to resistance against Xanthomonas. Plant Biotechnol. J., in press. DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14404
Pei C, Wang H, Zhang J, Wang Y, Francis DM, Yang W (2012). Fine mapping and analysis of a candidate gene in tomato accession PI128216 conferring hypersensitive resistance to bacterial spot race T3. Theor. Appl. Genet. 124: 533-542. DOI: 10.1007/s00122-011-1726-1
Robbins MD, Darrigues A, Sim SC, Masud MA, Francis DM (2009). Characterization of hypersensitive resistance to bacterial spot race T3 (Xanthomonas perforans) from tomato accession PI 128216. Phytopathology 99: 1037-1044. DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-99-9-1037
Scott JW, Stall RE, Jones JB, Somodi GC (1996). A single gene controls the hypersensitive response of Hawaii 7981 to race 3 (T3) of the bacterial spot pathogen. Rpt. Tomato Genet. Coop. 46: 23.
Sharlach M, Dahlbeck D, Liu L, Chiu J, Jiménez-Gómez JM, Kimura S, Koenig D, Maloof JN, Sinha N, Minsavage GV, Jones JB, Stall RE, Staskawicz BJ (2013). Fine genetic mapping of RXopJ4, a bacterial spot disease resistance locus from Solanum pennellii LA716. Theor. Appl. Genet. 126: 601-609. DOI: 10.1007/s00122-012-2004-6
Sun HJ, Liu XX, Li WH, Yang WC (2011). Preliminary mapping of a gene in tomato accession LA1589 conferring resistance to race T3 of bacterial spot. J. Agric. Univ. Hebei. 34: 65-69.
Tai TH, Dahlbeck D, Clark ET, Gajiwala P, Pasion R, Whalen MC, Stall RE, Staskawicz BJ (1999). Expression of the Bs2 pepper gene confers resistance to bacterial spot disease in tomato. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96: 14153-14158. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.24.14153
Yang W, Sacks EJ, Lewis Ivey ML, Miller SA, Francis DM (2005). Resistance in Lycopersicon esculentum intraspecific crosses to race T1 strains of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria causing bacterial spot of tomato. Phytopathology. 95: 519-527. DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-95-0519
Yu ZH, Wang JF, Stall RE, Vallejos CE (1995). Genomic localization of tomato genes that control a hypersensitive reaction to Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Doidge) Dye. Genetics 141: 675-682. PDF: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1206765/pdf/ge1412675.pdf
Zhao B, Cao H, Duan J, Yang W (2015). Allelic tests and sequence analysis of three genes for resistance to Xanthomonas perforans race T3 in tomato. Hort. Plant J. 1: 41-47. DOI: 10.16420/j.issn.2095-9885.2015-0001
Adhikari P, Adhikari TB, Louws FJ, Panthee DR (2020). Advances and challenges in bacterial spot resistance breeding in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Int. J. Mol. Sci. 21: 1734. DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051734
Adhikari P, Siddique MI, Louws FJ, Panthee DR (2023). Identification of quantitative trait loci associated with bacterial spot race T4 resistance in intra-specific populations of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). PLoS One 18: e0295551. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295551
Bernal E, Liabeuf D, Francis DM (2020). Evaluating quantitative trait locus resistance in tomato to multiple Xanthomonas spp. Plant Dis. 104: 423-429. DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-03-19-0669-RE
Buziashvili A, Kolomiiets Y, Butsenko L, Yemets A (2023). Biotechnological approaches for enhancing the resistance of tomato plants to phytopathogenic bacteria. Biologia plantarum 67: 305-321. DOI: 10.32615/bp.2023.034
de Souza MFM, Rodrigues R, do Amaral jr. AT, Sudré CP (2008). Resistance to Xanthomonas spp. in tomato: diallel analysis and gene effects estimative in a breeding programme carried out in Brazil. J. Phytopathol. 156: 660-667. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0434.2008.01474.x
Hutton SF, Scott JW, Jones JB (2010). Inheritance of resistance to bacterial spot race T4 from three tomato breeding lines with differing resistance backgrounds. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 135: 150-158. DOI: 10.21273/JASHS.135.2.150
Hutton SF, Scott JW, Yang W, Sim SC, Francis DM, Jones JB (2010). Identification of QTL associated with resistance to bacterial spot race T4 in tomato. Theor. Appl. Genet. 121: 1275-1287. DOI: 10.1007/s00122-010-1387-5
Sim SC, Robbins MD, Wijeratne S, Wang H, Yang W, Francis DM (2015). Association analysis for bacterial spot resistance in a directionally selected complex breeding population of tomato. Phytopathology 105: 1437-1445. DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-02-15-0051-R
Stall RE, Jones JB, Minsavage GV (2009). Durability of resistance in tomato and pepper to xanthomonads causing bacterial spot. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol. 47: 265-284. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-080508-081752
Wang Y, Zhang Y, Gao Z, Yang W (2018). Breeding for resistance to tomato bacterial diseases in China: challenges and prospects. Horticultural Plant J. 4: 193–207. DOI: 10.1016/j.hpj.2018.08.004
This fact sheet is based upon work from COST Action CA16107 EuroXanth, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology).