====== Taxonomy and Diversity of Xanthomonads ======
This data is based on the review by [[https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040862|Catara et al. (2021]]), focused on the molecular methods for diagnosis, detection, and studies on the diversity of plant pathogenic //Xanthomonas//, concentrating especially on regulated pathogens in the European Union published as a collective effort of the [[https://euroxanth.eu/management/wg1|Working Group 1]] 'Diagnostics & Diversity–Population Structure' from the [[https://euroxanth.eu|EuroXanth]] COST Action CA16107.
**Tools for molecular typing of regulated xanthomonads and beyond**
^ Pathogen ^ Fingerprints ^ VNTR/MLVA ^ CRISPR ^ MLSA/MLST ^
| **A1 list** |||||
| //X. citri// pv. //aurantifolii// | NA1 | NA | NA | [[https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058474|Mhedbi-Hajri (2013)]] |
| //X. citri// pv. //citri// | [[https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.009514-0|Bui Thi Ngoc (2010)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12019|Escalon (2013)]] | [[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02242.x|Bui Thi Ngoc (2009)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.12369|Vernière (2014)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0098129|Pruvost (2014)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.12876|Leduc (2015)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.14007|Richard (2017)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12788|Pruvost (2019)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9050945|Pruvost (2021)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.13451|Pruvost (2022)]] | [[https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-019-6267-z|Jeong (2019)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10091715|Bellander (2022)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.13729|Ibrahim (2023)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fnae005|Martins (2024)]] | [[https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.009514-0|Bui Thi Ngoc (2010)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058474|Mhedbi-Hajri (2013)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-12-23-0490-R|Okoh (2024)]] |
| //X. euvesicatoria// pv. //allii// | [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.2004.94.2.184|Gent (2004)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-95-0918|Gent (2005)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-96-1345|Humeau (2006)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-98-8-0919|Picard(2008)]] | [[https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030536|Vancheva (2021)]] | NA | [[https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058474|Mhedbi-Hajri (2013)]] |
| //X. oryzae// pv. //oryzae// | [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.3.302|George (1997)]] | [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02768-14|Poulin (2015)]] , \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1186/s12284-023-00648-x|Diallo (2023)]] | NA | [[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2011.00745.x|Hajri (2012)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-07-13-0213-R|Wonni (2014)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.14813|Sakthivel (2021)]] |
| //X. oryzae// pv. //oryzicola// | NA | [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-04-12-0078-R|Zhao (2012)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02768-14|Poulin (2015)]] | NA | [[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2011.00745.x|Hajri (2012)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-04-12-0078-R|Zhao (2012)]] |
| **A2 list** |||||
| //X. arboricola// pv. //corylina// | NA | [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2014.02.017|Cesbron (2014)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00835-15|Essakhi (2015)]] | NA | [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00835-15|Essakhi (2015)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00050-15|Fischer-Le Saux (2015)]] |
| //X. arboricola// pv. //juglandis// | [[https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017951406237|Loreti (2001)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0434.2001.00628.x|Scortichini (2001)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02362.x|Hajri (2010)]] | [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2014.02.017|Cesbron (2014)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00835-15|Essakhi (2015)]] | NA | [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00835-15|Essakhi (2015)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00050-15|Fischer-Le Saux (2015)]] |
| //X. arboricola// pv. //pruni// | [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-95-1081|Boudon (2005)]] | [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2014.02.017|Cesbron (2014)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00835-15|Essakhi (2015)]] | NA | [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-95-1081|Boudon (2005)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00835-15|Essakhi (2015)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00050-15|Fischer-Le Saux (2015)]] |
| //X. axonopodis// pv. //poinsettiicola// | NA | NA | NA | [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-08-14-0867-RE|Rockey (2015)]] |
| //X. euvesicatoria// pv. //euvesicatoria// | [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-8-0993|Hamza (2010)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.syapm.2011.12.005|Hamza (2012)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjm.2017.08.011|Vancheva (2018)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.OA.09.2024.0138|Siddique (2025)]] | [[https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030536|Vancheva (2021)]] | NA | [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-8-0993|Hamza (2010)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.syapm.2011.12.005|Hamza (2012)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058474|Mhedbi-Hajri (2013)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.03000-14|Timilsina (2015)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms710046227|Dhakal (2019)]] |
| //X. euvesicatoria// pv. //perforans// | [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-8-0993|Hamza (2010)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.syapm.2011.12.005|Hamza (2012)]] | [[https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030536|Vancheva (2021)]] | NA | [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-8-0993|Hamza (2010)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.syapm.2011.12.005|Hamza (2012)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.03000-14|Timilsina (2015)]] |
| //X. fragariae// | [[https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.62.9.3121-3127.1996|Pooler (1996)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.64.10.3961-3965.1998|Roberts (1998)]] | [[https://doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.000189/29874158/|Gétaz (2018)]] | [[https://doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.000189/29874158/|Gétaz (2018)]] | [[https://doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.000189/29874158/|Gétaz (2018)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-23-0933-SC|Wei (2023)]] |
| //X. hortorum// pv. //gardneri// | [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-8-0993|Hamza (2010)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.syapm.2011.12.005|Hamza (2012)]] | NA | NA | [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-8-0993|Hamza (2010)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.syapm.2011.12.005|Hamza (2012)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.03000-14|Timilsina (2015)]] |
| //X. phaseoli// pv. //dieffenbachiae// | [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.2004.88.9.980|Khoodoo (2004)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-08-12-0191-R|Donahoo (2013)]] | NA | NA | [[https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058474|Mhedbi-Hajri (2013)]] |
| //X. phaseoli// pv. //phaseoli//, //X. citri// pv. //fuscans// | [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.2004.94.6.593|Mkandawire (2004)]] | NA | NA | [[https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058474|Mhedbi-Hajri (2013)]] |
| //X. translucens// pv. //translucens// | [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.11.1111|Bragard (1997)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-96-0876|Rademaker (2006)]] | NA | NA | [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-08-17-0271-R|Curland (2018)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01518-19|Khojasteh (2019)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-04-19-0134-R|Curland (2020]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-10-22-0381-SA|Hong (2023)]] |
| //X. vesicatoria// | [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-8-0993|Hamza (2010)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.syapm.2011.12.005|Hamza (2012)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjm.2017.08.011|Vancheva (2018)]] | NA | NA | [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-8-0993|Hamza (2010)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.syapm.2011.12.005|Hamza (2012)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.03000-14|Timilsina (2015)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms710046227|Dhakal (2019)]] |
| //Xylella fastidiosa// | [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.67.9.4091-4095.2001|Coletta-Filho (2001)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.68.8.3731-3736.2002|Coletta-Filho (2002)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.2003.93.1.28|Coletta-Filho (2003)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-97-10-1338|Montero-Astúa (2007)]] | [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.67.9.4091-4095.2001|Coletta-Filho (2001)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.68.8.3731-3736.2002|Coletta-Filho (2002)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO.2003.93.1.28|Coletta-Filho (2003)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-97-10-1338|Montero-Astúa (2007)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-68072-5|Mazzaglia (2020)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-023-04499-6|Dupas (2023)]] | NA | [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.12.8491-8499.2005|Scally (2005)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02388-07|Almeida (2008)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-100-6-0601|Yuan (2010)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.06679-11|Parker (2012)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01126-12|Nunney (2012)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.03208-12|Nunney (2013)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02920-13|Nunney (2014a)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112463|Nunney (2014b)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.03299-15|Jacques (2015)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-016-1245-1|Marcelletti (2016)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-09-16-0321-R|Coletta-Filho (2017)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01521-19|Landa (2020)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-20-1900-RE|Aguilar-Granados (2021)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02356-21|Kahn (2022)]] |
| **Other** |||||
| //X. phaseoli// pv. //manihotis// | NA | [[https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079704|Arrieta-Ortiz (2013)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2180-14-161|Trujillo (2014)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-06-18-0210-R|Rache (2019)]], \\ [[https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0285491|Rache (2023)]] | NA | NA |
1 NA: not available.
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===== Further reading =====
Baldi P, La Porta N (2017). //Xylella fastidiosa//: host range and advance in molecular identification techniques. Front. Plant Sci. 8: 944. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00944|10.3389/fpls.2017.00944]]
Nunney L, Elfekih S, Stouthamer R (2012). The importance of multilocus sequence typing: cautionary tales from the bacterium //Xylella fastidiosa//. Phytopathology 102: 456-460. DOI: [[https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-10-11-0298|10.1094/PHYTO-10-11-0298]]